In 1993, Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary established the Beach Watch Program, one of the first citizen-science monitoring projects within NOAA and one that continues today. Approximately 100 highly trained, citizen-scientists conduct monthly surveys. The data collected help inform sanctuary management by identifying animals vulnerable to stressors such as oil pollution, disturbance, entanglement and marine debris, and helping track the health and trends of key species.

Beach Watch has inspired similar efforts in the Sanctuary System. In 1996, 140 volunteers took to the shorelines of Oahu to count Hawaii’s endangered whale population. Jump ahead to 2012 and now over 2,300 volunteers across three islands participate annually. Over 31 Washington beaches are monitored monthly by citizen scientists for dead birds through the Coastal Observation and Seabird Survey Team (COASST), providing important insights in trends in seabird populations and mortality events. In 2007, baseline data from the environmental monitoring program called LiMPETS for teachers, students, and citizen scientists were requested to help assess the damage caused by the Cosco Busan oil spill in San Francisco Bay. Sanctuaries also benefit from fish survey data collected by recreational divers through the REEF (Reef Environmental Education Foundation) Fish Survey Project.