Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument and Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary Community Profile, 2010–2022

This report gives an economic and demographic profile of the region surrounding Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary (HIHWNMS) and Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM). To properly analyze the impact of sanctuary management decisions, it is essential to know the economic landscape of the surrounding region. The findings of this report will help assess the relationship between the sanctuary and nearby counties. By characterizing the area containing most of the social and economic impacts of activities taking place within the sanctuary, sanctuary managers have an increased understanding of the community around the sanctuary.

The sanctuary community of HIHWNMS and PMNM comprises the entire state of Hawai‘i. Economic and demographic indicators show an increase in the total population and an increase in total employment of the sanctuary community between 2010 and 2022. Employment and income by sector show a large portion of the regional economy is related to government and government enterprises, accommodation and food services, and health care and social assistance.

Key Words

Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, sanctuary community profile, Hawai‘i, ecosystem services, culture, visitation, demographics, population, local and regional economies